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Subject Area - 4:
Environment and Ecology
  • Standard Area - 4.5: Humans and the Environment
  • Grade Level - 4.5.8:

    GRADE 8

Standard - 4.5.8.A

Explain how Best Management Practices (BMP) can be used to mitigate environmental problems.

Eligible Content:
8 Total
Assessments
Materials & Resources
  • Assessment Anchor - S8.A.1

    Reasoning and Analysis
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.A.1.1 Explain, interpret, and apply scientific, environmental, or technological knowledge presented in a variety of formats (e.g., visuals, scenarios, graphs).
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.1.1 Distinguish between a scientific theory and an opinion, explaining how a theory is supported with evidence, or how new data/information may change existing theories and practices.
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.1.2 Explain how certain questions can be answered through scientific inquiry and/or technological design.
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.1.3 Use evidence, such as observations or experimental results, to support inferences about a relationship.
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.1.4 Develop descriptions, explanations, predictions, and models using evidence.
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.A.1.2 Identify and explain the impacts of applying scientific, environmental, or technological knowledge to address solutions to practical problems.
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.2.1 Describe the positive and negative, intended and unintended, effects of specific scientific results or technological developments (e.g., air/space travel, genetic engineering, nuclear fission/fusion, artificial intelligence, lasers, organ transplants).
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.2.2 Identify environmental issues and explain their potential long-term health effects (e.g., pollution, pest controls, vaccinations).
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.2.3 Describe fundamental scientific or technological concepts that could solve practical problems (e.g., Newton’s laws of motion, Mendelian genetics).
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.2.4 Explain society’s standard of living in terms of technological advancements and how these advancements impact on agriculture (e.g., transportation, processing, production, storage).
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.A.1.3 Identify and analyze evidence that certain variables may have caused measurable changes in natural or human-made systems.
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.1 Use ratio to describe change (e.g., percents, parts per million, grams per cubic centimeter, mechanical advantage).
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.2 Use evidence, observations, or explanations to make inferences about change in systems over time (e.g., carrying capacity, succession, population dynamics, loss of mass in chemical reactions, indicator fossils in geologic time scale) and the variables affecting these changes.
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.2a Identify the results of a specific change to a stable system (e.g., food webs, biological systems, electrical systems).
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.3 Examine systems changing over time, identifying the possible variables causing this change, and drawing inferences about how these variables affect this change.
      • Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.4 Given a scenario, explain how a dynamically changing environment provides for the sustainability of living systems.
  • Assessment Anchor - S8.B.3

    Ecological Behavior and Systems
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.B.3.1 Explain the relationships among and between organisms in different ecosystems and their abiotic and biotic components
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.1 Explain the flow of energy through an ecosystem (e.g., food chains, food webs).
        Assessments
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.1a Sequence the flow of energy through a food chain or a food web.
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.2 Identify major biomes and describe abiotic and biotic components (e.g., abiotic: different soil types, air, water sunlight; biotic: soil microbes, decomposers).
        Assessments
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.2a Recognize the association between different environments and their characteristics (e.g., climate, precipitation, vegitation.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.3 Explain relationships among organisms (e.g., producers/consumers, predator/prey) in an ecosystem.
        Assessments
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.3a Indentify the role of different organisms in an ecosystem (limted to producers, consumers, predator, and prey.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.B.3.2 Identify evidence of change to infer and explain the ways different variables may affect change in natural or human-made systems.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.2.1 Use evidence to explain factors that affect changes in populations (e.g., deforestation, disease, land use, natural disaster, invasive species).
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.2.1a Recognize the impact that humans have on habitats and the animals or plants living there (e.g., deforestation and deer habitats.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.2.2 Use evidence to explain how diversity affects the ecological integrity of natural systems.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.2.3 Describe the response of organisms to environmental changes (e.g., changes in climate, hibernation, migration, coloration) and how those changes affect survival.
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.B.3.3 Explain how renewable and nonrenewable resources provide for human needs or how these needs impact the environment.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.1 Explain how human activities may affect local, regional, and global environments.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.2 Explain how renewable and nonrenewable resources provide for human needs (i.e., energy, food, water, clothing, and shelter).
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.3 Describe how waste management affects the environment (e.g., recycling, composting, landfills, incineration, sewage treatment).
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.3a Identify ways to reduce pollution through waste management (e.g., recycyling, composting.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.4 Explain the long-term effects of using integrated pest management (e.g., herbicides, natural predators, biogenetics) on the environment.
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