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Subject Area - 4:
Environment and Ecology
  • Standard Area - 4.3: Natural Resources
  • Grade Level - 4.3.8: GRADE 8
Standard - 4.3.8.A

Compare and contrast alternative sources of energy.

Eligible Content:
10 Total
Assessments
Materials & Resources
  • Assessment Anchor - S8.B.3

    Ecological Behavior and Systems
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.B.3.1 Explain the relationships among and between organisms in different ecosystems and their abiotic and biotic components
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.1 Explain the flow of energy through an ecosystem (e.g., food chains, food webs).
        Assessments
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.1a Sequence the flow of energy through a food chain or a food web.
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.2 Identify major biomes and describe abiotic and biotic components (e.g., abiotic: different soil types, air, water sunlight; biotic: soil microbes, decomposers).
        Assessments
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.2a Recognize the association between different environments and their characteristics (e.g., climate, precipitation, vegitation.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.3 Explain relationships among organisms (e.g., producers/consumers, predator/prey) in an ecosystem.
        Assessments
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.1.3a Indentify the role of different organisms in an ecosystem (limted to producers, consumers, predator, and prey.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.B.3.2 Identify evidence of change to infer and explain the ways different variables may affect change in natural or human-made systems.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.2.1 Use evidence to explain factors that affect changes in populations (e.g., deforestation, disease, land use, natural disaster, invasive species).
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.2.1a Recognize the impact that humans have on habitats and the animals or plants living there (e.g., deforestation and deer habitats.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.2.2 Use evidence to explain how diversity affects the ecological integrity of natural systems.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.2.3 Describe the response of organisms to environmental changes (e.g., changes in climate, hibernation, migration, coloration) and how those changes affect survival.
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.B.3.3 Explain how renewable and nonrenewable resources provide for human needs or how these needs impact the environment.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.1 Explain how human activities may affect local, regional, and global environments.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.2 Explain how renewable and nonrenewable resources provide for human needs (i.e., energy, food, water, clothing, and shelter).
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.3 Describe how waste management affects the environment (e.g., recycling, composting, landfills, incineration, sewage treatment).
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.3a Identify ways to reduce pollution through waste management (e.g., recycyling, composting.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S8.B.3.3.4 Explain the long-term effects of using integrated pest management (e.g., herbicides, natural predators, biogenetics) on the environment.
  • Assessment Anchor - S8.C.2

    Forms, Sources, Conversion, and Transfer of Energy
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.C.2.1 Describe energy sources, transfer of energy, or conversion of energy.
      • Eligible Content - S8.C.2.1.1 Distinguish among forms of energy (e.g., electrical, mechanical, chemical, light, sound, nuclear) and sources of energy (i.e., renewable and nonrenewable energy)
      • Eligible Content - S8.C.2.1.2 Explain how energy is transferred from one place to another through convection, conduction, or radiation.
      • Eligible Content - S8.C.2.1.3 Describe how one form of energy (e.g., electrical, mechanical, chemical, light, sound, nuclear) can be converted into a different form of energy.
    • Anchor Descriptor - S8.C.2.2 Compare the environmental impact of different energy sources chosen to support human endeavors.
      • Eligible Content - S8.C.2.2.1 Describe the Sun as the major source of energy that impacts the environment.
      • Eligible Content - S8.C.2.2.2 Compare the time span of renewability for fossil fuels and the time span of renewability for alternative fuels.
      • Eligible Content - S8.C.2.2.3 Describe the waste (i.e., kind and quantity) derived from the use of renewable and nonrenewable resources and their potential impact on the environment.
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S8.C.2.2.3a Identify energy sources as either renewable (limited to wind, solar, and hydroelectric) or non-renewable (limited to coal,oil, and natural gas.)
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
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