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Tree of Life - Animals

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Tree of Life - Animals

Grade Levels

10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade

Course, Subject

Biology, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology (Agriculture), Science
Related Academic Standards
3.1.7.A6 3.1.7.A6
Identify the levels of organization from cell to organism.
3.1.12.A5 3.1.12.A5

Analyze how structure is related to function at all levels of biological organization from molecules to organisms.
3.1.B.A7 3.1.B.A7

Analyze the importance of carbon to the structure of biological macromolecules.

Compare and contrast the functions and structures of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.

Explain the consequences of extreme changes in pH and temperature on cell proteins.
3.1.C.A7 3.1.C.A7

Illustrate the formation of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
3.1.12.B5 3.1.12.B5

PATTERNS

Relate the monomer structure of biomacromolecules to their functional roles.
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  • Big Ideas
    A technological world requires that humans develop capabilities to solve technological challenges and improve products for the way we live.
    Each area of technology has a set of characteristics that separates it from others; however, many areas overlap in order to meet human needs and wants.
    Populations of organisms evolve by natural selection.
    Technological design is a creative process that anyone can do which may result in new inventions and innovations.
    Technological literacy is the ability to use, assess and manage technology around us.
    Technology is created, used and modified by humans.
    The cell is the basic unit of structure and function for all living things.
  • Concepts
    All living things are made up of smaller units called cells.
    All multicellular organisms have systems that interact with one another to perform specific functions and enable the organism to function as a whole.
    Bio-related technologies are the processes of using biological organisms to make or modify products.
    Cells carry out the many functions needed to sustain life.
    Cells grow and divide thereby producing more cells.
    Cells take in nutrients that they use to provide energy to carry out their life functions.
    Changes in environmental conditions can affect the survival of populations and entire species.
    Communication is the process of composing, sending, and receiving messages through technology.
    Construction is the process of turning raw materials into useful structures.
    Decisions about the use of products and systems can result in known and unexpected consequences.
    Different body tissues and organs are made up of different kinds of cells.
    Disease affects the structures and/or functions of an organism.
    Energy and power technologies are the processes of converting energy sources into useful power.
    Every organism has a set of genetic instructions that determines its inherited traits.
    Every organism has a set of instructions for specifying its traits.
    Extinction of a species occurs when the environment changes and the adaptive characteristics of a species are insufficient to allow its survival.
    Genes can randomly change or mutate, causing changes in certain traits of the offspring.
    Hereditary information (set of instructions) is contained in genes, located on chromosomes in cells.
    In a technological world, inventions and innovations must be carefully assessed by individuals and society as a whole.
    Individual organisms with certain traits are more likely than others to survive and have offspring.
    Inherited traits can increase their frequency in successive generations so that descendents are very different from their ancestors.
    Innovation is the process of modifying an existing product, process, or system to improve it.
    Invention is a process of turning ideas and imagination into new products, processes, or systems.
    Manufacturing is the process of turning raw materials into useful products.
    Organisms reproduce and pass their genes to the next generation (their offspring).
    People select, create, and use science and technology and are limited by constraints (e.g. social and physical).
    Safety is a preeminent concern for all technological development and use.
    Science and technology are inextricably connected and are driven by human decision making
    Some organisms are made up of only one cell.
    Specialized cells perform specialized functions in multicellular organisms.
    Technological design & problem solving includes both formative and summative analysis.
    Technological design & problem solving requires the ability to clearly communicate engineered solutions.
    Technological design & problem solving requires the application of hands-on abilities such as sketching, prototyping, and fabricating.
    Technological design & problem solving transforms an idea into a final product or system.
    Technological design & problem solving utilizes a series of steps that take place in a well-defined sequence.
    Technological literacy is a lifetime endeavor.
    Technological literacy is necessary for a productive 21st century skilled workforce.
    Technological literacy is required for all citizens in a democratic society for shared decision-making.
    Technological literacy is the ability to understand, use, assess, design, and produce technology (i.e. Invention & Innovation).
    Technology and society mutually impact each other.
    The abilities required in a technological world include diagnosing, troubleshooting, analyzing and maintaining systems.
    The gene is the basic unit of inheritance.
    The goal of technology is to improve the human condition by maximizing positive impacts and minimizing negative one.
    The study of the impacts of technological systems enables us to plan and direct technological developments.
    There are defining structures of cells for both plants and animals.
    There are structural and functional similarities and differences that characterize diverse living things.
    There is a relationship between structure and function at all biological levels of organization.
    Transportation is the process of safely and efficiently moving people and products.
    While science is the study of the natural world, technology is the study of the human designed world.
  • Competencies
    Analyze decisions related to the use of technology, predict consequences and compare with the results of the designed system
    Apply scientific and mathematical principles to an advanced engineering design problem then build and assess it.
    Assess the origins and importance of specific technological inventions and innovations and predict future impacts of proposed technologies.
    Debate current technological issues and opportunities using informed decision making in a democratic society.
    Demonstrate, model and communicate how societies depend on technology to use information, physical and bio-related systems to create desirable solutions to human needs and wants.
    Design a message, select a communication channel, produce and disseminate it and analyze its effectiveness.
    Design, build, and test/evaluate a technological system to analyze its positive and negative consequences and impacts on individuals, societal institutions and our environment.
    Design, produce and transmit a message through a technological channel then analyze the effectiveness in terms of the initial goals
    Design, produce, test and analyze a technological solution that has desirable impacts on a culture that improves local, regional, or global economic conditions.
    Design, produce, test and analyze systems that use technological resources for the purpose of improving on existing technologies to impact individual lives, societies, our world, and the environment.
    Document progress through the engineering design process using a journal that synthesizes the process and results.
    Employ engineering design and problem solving skills to solve complex technological challenges.
    Evaluate the effectiveness of engineered solutions through written, spoken, mathematical, and graphical means.
    Identify examples of the relationship(s) between structure and function in the living world.
    Identify how specific technological inventions and innovations are constrained by the natural and legislative world in various societies.
    Maintain an engineering design journal that documents the complementary roles of science and math concepts in the engineering design process.
    Select and safely and effectively use appropriate tools, materials, and processes to design, engineer, communicate, test, and analyze messages to meet human needs and wants.
    Select and safely and effectively use appropriate tools, materials, and processes to design, engineer, construct, test, and analyze structures that meet human needs and wants.
    Select and safely and effectively use appropriate tools, materials, and processes to design, engineer, manufacture, test, and analyze products that meet human needs and wants.
    Select and safely and effectively use appropriate tools, materials, and processes to design, engineer, test, and analyze bio-related products and systems to meet human needs and wants.
    Select and safely and effectively use appropriate tools, materials, and processes to design, engineer, test, and analyze systems to transport people and products.
    Through a structured engineering design process, select an existing product and design, build, and assess an improved version.
    Transform ideas into technological products and/or systems using a focused engineering design process.
    Use and maintain technological products and systems and describe their functions, advantages/disadvantages and hazards/benefits.
    Use current technological systems efficiently, identify undesirable results, then design, produce, test and utilize engineering analysis to optimize solutions.
    Use tools and machines safely and explain the common and particular hazards of specific technological devices.
    Utilize a structured innovation process to create a new product, process or system.
    Utilize computer-aided engineering design software to solve advanced, real-world technological problems.

Rationale

What are the important biological molecules found in animals?

 

Animals are a major group of living things including familiar organisms such as humans, lizards, bees, parrots, deer, frogs,and monkeys. Let’s trace the tree of life of a human (individual) through its animal cells and into the molecular level.

Everything that lives in an ecosystem is part of the food web, including humans. Each species of creature has a place on the earth and plays a vital role in the food web. Plant, animal, and insect species interact and depend upon one another for what each offers, such as food, shelter, oxygen, and soil enrichment.

Description

This activity allows students to explore important biological animal molecules using computer based models.

 

C

One important type of macromolecule is not considered a polymer at all — lipids (fats). Lipids (fats) are not made from smaller molecules or monomers bonded together. However, groups of lipid molecules can attract to each other weakly to form structures such as cell membranes. As you can see below, cell membranes are complex. The main structure is made from phospholipids. Proteins commonly extend through the membrane and can act as pores for transporting material into and out of cells. They can also act as receptors for other molecules triggering chemical reactions within the cell.

omputers and internet access are required.

cholesterol.png 

Content Provider

 

The Concord Consortium: http://www.concord.org/

Resource

See the link below for the interactive resource.  After creating a free account, you will have access to all ITSI-SU Math and Science interactive resource and lessons.

http://itsisu.portal.concord.org/activities/94.jnlp?teacher_mode=true

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