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Standard Area - 3.1: Biological Sciences
Organizing Category - 3.1.A: Organisms and Cells
Grade Level - 3.1.8.A: GRADE 8

Standard - 3.1.8.A9

Compare and contrast scientific theories.
Know that both direct and indirect observations are used by scientists to study the natural world and universe.
Identify questions and concepts that guide scientific investigations.
Formulate and revise explanations and models using logic and evidence.
Recognize and analyze alternative explanations and models.
Explain the importance of accuracy and precision in making valid measurements.

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Assessments

Materials & Resources

Assessment Anchor - S8.B.1
Structure and Function of Organisms
- Anchor Descriptor - S8.B.1.1
  Describe and compare structural and functional similarities and differences that characterize diverse living things.
  - Eligible Content - S8.B.1.1.3 Apply knowledge of characteristic structures to identify or categorize organisms (i.e., plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and protista).
    
    Alternate Eligible Content - S8.B.1.1.3a Categorize plants or animals based on characteristic structures (e.g., seeds, leaves, fruits or mammals, invertebrates, birds).
    Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.

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