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Standard Area - 3.3: Earth and Space Sciences
Organizing Category - 3.3.A: Earth Structure, Processes and Cycles
Grade Level - 3.3.8.A: GRADE 8

Standard - 3.3.8.A7

Compare and contrast scientific theories.
Know that both direct and indirect observations are used by scientists to study the natural world and universe.
Identify questions and concepts that guide scientific investigations.
Formulate and revise explanations and models using logic and evidence.
Recognize and analyze alternative explanations and models.
Explain the importance of accuracy and precision in making valid measurements.

Eligible Content:
14 Total

Assessments

Assessment Anchor - S8.A.3
Systems, Models, and Patterns
- Anchor Descriptor - S8.A.3.3 Describe repeated processes or recurring elements in natural, scientific, and technological patterns
  - Eligible Content - S8.A.3.3.2 Describe repeating structure patterns in nature (e.g., veins in a leaf, tree rings, crystals, water waves) or periodic patterns (e.g., daily, monthly, annually).
    
    Alternate Eligible Content - S8.A.3.3.2a Sequence recurring patterns, cycles or trends found in nature (e.g., water cycle, lunar phases, organ systems).
    Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.

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