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Subject Area - 3:
Science and Technology and Engineering Education
Science and Technology and Engineering Education
- Standard Area - 3.4: Technology and Engineering Education
- Organizing Category - 3.4.B: Technology and Society
- Grade Level - 3.4.8.B: GRADE 8
Standard - 3.4.8.B4
Explain how societal and cultural priorities and values are reflected in technological devices.
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Assessment Anchor - S8.A.1
Reasoning and Analysis
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Anchor Descriptor - S8.A.1.1 Explain, interpret, and apply scientific, environmental, or technological knowledge presented in a variety of formats (e.g., visuals, scenarios, graphs).
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Eligible Content - S8.A.1.1.1 Distinguish between a scientific theory and an opinion, explaining how a theory is supported with evidence, or how new data/information may change existing theories and practices.Eligible Content - S8.A.1.1.2 Explain how certain questions can be answered through scientific inquiry and/or technological design.Eligible Content - S8.A.1.1.3 Use evidence, such as observations or experimental results, to support inferences about a relationship.Eligible Content - S8.A.1.1.4 Develop descriptions, explanations, predictions, and models using evidence.
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Anchor Descriptor - S8.A.1.2 Identify and explain the impacts of applying scientific, environmental, or technological knowledge to address solutions to practical problems.
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Eligible Content - S8.A.1.2.1 Describe the positive and negative, intended and unintended, effects of specific scientific results or technological developments (e.g., air/space travel, genetic engineering, nuclear fission/fusion, artificial intelligence, lasers, organ transplants).Eligible Content - S8.A.1.2.2 Identify environmental issues and explain their potential long-term health effects (e.g., pollution, pest controls, vaccinations).Eligible Content - S8.A.1.2.3 Describe fundamental scientific or technological concepts that could solve practical problems (e.g., Newton’s laws of motion, Mendelian genetics).Eligible Content - S8.A.1.2.4 Explain society’s standard of living in terms of technological advancements and how these advancements impact on agriculture (e.g., transportation, processing, production, storage).
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Anchor Descriptor - S8.A.1.3 Identify and analyze evidence that certain variables may have caused measurable changes in natural or human-made systems.
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Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.1 Use ratio to describe change (e.g., percents, parts per million, grams per cubic centimeter, mechanical advantage).Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.2 Use evidence, observations, or explanations to make inferences about change in systems over time (e.g., carrying capacity, succession, population dynamics, loss of mass in chemical reactions, indicator fossils in geologic time scale) and the variables affecting these changes.
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Alternate Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.2a Identify the results of a specific change to a stable system (e.g., food webs, biological systems, electrical systems).
Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
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Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.3 Examine systems changing over time, identifying the possible variables causing this change, and drawing inferences about how these variables affect this change.Eligible Content - S8.A.1.3.4 Given a scenario, explain how a dynamically changing environment provides for the sustainability of living systems.
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