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Subject Area - 3:
Science and Technology and Engineering Education
  • Standard Area - 3.1: Biological Sciences
  • Organizing Category - 3.1.C: Evolution
  • Course - 3.1.B.C: BIOLOGY
Standard - 3.1.B.C2

Describe the theory suggesting that life on Earth arose as a single, primitive prokaryote about 4 billion years ago and that for the next 2 billion years, a huge diversity of single-celled organisms evolved.

Analyze how increasingly complex, multicellular organisms evolved once cells with nuclei developed.

Describe how mutations in sex cells may be passed on to successive generations and that the resulting phenotype may help, harm, or have little or no effect on the offspring’s success in its environment.

Describe the relationship between environmental changes and changes in the gene pool of a population

Eligible Content:
8 Total
Assessments
  • Assessment Anchor - BIO.A.1

    Basic Biological Principles
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.1.1

      Explain the characteristics common to all organisms.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.A.1.1.1 Describe the characteristics of life shared by all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.1.2

      Describe relationships between structure and function at biological levels of organization.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.A.1.2.1

        Compare cellular structures and their functions in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.A.1.2.2 Describe and interpret relationships between structure and function at various levels of biological organization (i.e., organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and multicellular organisms).
  • Assessment Anchor - BIO.B.1

    Cell Growth and Reproduction
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.1.1

      Describe the three stages of the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division, cytokinesis.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.1.1.1 Describe the events that occur during the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division (i.e., mitosis or meiosis), cytokinesis.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.1.1.2 Compare and contrast the processes and outcomes of mitotic and meiotic nuclear divisions.
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.1.2

      Explain how genetic information is inherited.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.1.2.1 Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or conservation of genetic information.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.1.2.2 Explain the functional relationships among DNA, genes, alleles, and chromosomes and their roles in inheritance.
  • Assessment Anchor - BIO.B.2

    Genetics
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.2.1

      Compare and contrast Mendelian and non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.2.1.1 Describe and/or predict observed patterns of inheritance (i.e., dominant, recessive, co-dominance, incomplete dominance, sex-linked, polygenic, and multiple alleles).
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.2.1.2 Describe processes that can alter composition or number of chromosomes (i.e., crossing-over, nondisjunction, duplication, translocation, deletion, insertion, and inversion).
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.2.2

      Explain the process of protein synthesis (i.e., transcription, translation, and protein modification).
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.2.2.1 Describe how the processes of transcription and translation are similar in all organisms.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.2.2.2 Describe the role of ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and the nucleus in the production of specific types of proteins.
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.2.3

      Explain how genetic information is expressed.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.2.3.1 Describe how genetic mutations alter the DNA sequence and may or may not affect phenotype (e.g., silent, nonsense, frame-shift).
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.2.4

      Apply scientific thinking, processes, tools, and technologies in the study of genetics.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.2.4.1 Explain how genetic engineering has impacted the fields of medicine, forensics, and agriculture (e.g., selective breeding, gene splicing, cloning, genetically modified organisms, gene therapy).
        Assessments
        Continuum of Activities
  • Assessment Anchor - BIO.B.3

    Theory of Evolution
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.3.1

      Explain the mechanisms of evolution.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.3.1.1 Explain how natural selection can impact allele frequencies of a population.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.3.1.2 Describe the factors that can contribute to the development of new species (e.g., isolating mechanisms, genetic drift, founder effect, migration).
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.3.1.3 Explain how genetic mutations may result in genotypic and phenotypic variations within a population.
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.3.2

      Analyze the sources of evidence for biological evolution.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.3.2.1 Interpret evidence supporting the theory of evolution (i.e., fossil, anatomical, physiological, embryological, biochemical, and universal genetic code).
    • Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.3.3

      Apply scientific thinking, processes, tools, and technologies in the study of evolution.
      • Eligible Content - BIO.B.3.3.1 Distinguish among the scientific terms: hypothesis, inference, law, theory, principle, fact, and observation.
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