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Standard Area - 3.1: Biological Sciences
Organizing Category - 3.1.A: Organisms and Cells
Course - 3.1.B.A: BIOLOGY

Standard - 3.1.B.A2

Identify the initial reactants, final products, and general purposes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

Explain the important role of ATP in cell metabolism.

Describe the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration in photosynthetic organisms.

Explain why many biological macromolecules such as ATP and lipids contain high energy bonds.

Explain the importance of enzymes as catalysts in cell reactions.

Identify how factors such as pH and temperature may affect enzyme function.

Eligible Content:
11 Total

Assessments

Assessment Anchor - BIO.A.2
The Chemical Basis for Life
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.2.1
  Describe how the unique properties of water support life on Earth.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.2.1.1 Describe the unique properties of water and how these properties support life on Earth (e.g., freezing point, high specific heat, cohesion).
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.2.2
  Describe and interpret relationships between structure and function at various levels of biochemical organization (i.e., atoms, molecules, and macromolecules).
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.2.2.1 Explain how carbon is uniquely suited to form biological macromolecules.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.2.2.2 Describe how biological macromolecules form from monomers.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.2.2.3 Compare and contrast the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in organisms.
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.2.3
  Explain how enzymes regulate biochemical reactions within a cell.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.2.3.1 Describe the role of an enzyme as a catalyst in regulating a specific biochemical reaction.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.2.3.2 Explain how factors such as pH, temperature, and concentration levels can affect enzyme function.

Assessment Anchor - BIO.A.3
Bioenergetics
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.3.1
  Identify and describe the cell structures involved in processing energy.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.3.1.1 Describe the fundamental roles of plastids (e.g., chloroplasts) and mitochondria in energy transformations.
    
    Assessments
    
    Continuum of Activities
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.3.2
  Identify and describe how energy is captured and transformed in organisms to drive their life processes.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.3.2.1 Compare and contrast the basic transformation of energy during photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.3.2.2 Describe the role of ATP in biochemical reactions.

Assessment Anchor - BIO.A.4
Homeostasis and Transport
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.4.1
  Identify and describe the cell structures involved in transport of materials into, out of and throughout a cell.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.4.1.1 Describe how the structure of the plasma membrane allows it to function as a regulatory structure and/or protective barrier for a cell.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.4.1.2 Compare and contrast the mechanisms that transport materials across the plasma membrane (i.e., passive transport -- diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion; active transport -- pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis).
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.4.1.3 Describe how endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and other membrane-bound cellular organelles facilitate transport of materials within cells.
    
    Assessments
    
    Continuum of Activities
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.A.4.2
  Explain mechanisms that permit organisms to maintain biological balance between their internal and external environments.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.A.4.2.1 Explain how organisms maintain homeostasis (e.g., thermoregulation, water regulation, oxygen regulation).
    
    Assessments
    
    Continuum of Activities

Assessment Anchor - BIO.B.4
Ecology
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.4.1
  Describe ecological levels of organization in the biosphere.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.B.4.1.1 Describe the levels of ecological organization (i.e., organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere).
  - Eligible Content - BIO.B.4.1.2 Describe characteristic biotic and abiotic components of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
- Anchor Descriptor - BIO.B.4.2
  Describe interactions and relationships in an ecosystem.
  - Eligible Content - BIO.B.4.2.1 Describe how energy flows through an ecosystem (e.g., food chains, food webs, energy pyramids).
  - Eligible Content - BIO.B.4.2.2 Describe biotic interactions in an ecosystem (e.g., competition, predation, symbiosis).
  - Eligible Content - BIO.B.4.2.3 Describe how matter recycles through an ecosystem (i.e., water cycle, carbon cycle, oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle).
  - Eligible Content - BIO.B.4.2.4 Describe how ecosystems change in response to natural and human disturbances (e.g., climate changes, introduction of nonnative species, pollution, fires).
  - Eligible Content - BIO.B.4.2.5 Describe the effects of limiting factors on population dynamics and potential species extinction.

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