Use words and phrases acquired through conversations, reading, and being read to, and responding to texts.

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in grade-level text, including figurative language.

Ask and answer questions about unknown words in a text.

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning word and phrases based on grade-level reading and content, choosing from a range of strategies and tools.

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade-level reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies and tools.

Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate conversational, general academic, and domain-specific words and phrases, including those that signal precise actions, emotions, or states of being and that are basic to a particular topic.

Recite target language alphabet and associated sounds and basic words with proper accentuation.

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 3 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies. a. Use context as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase. b. Determine the meaning of the new word formed when a known affix is added to a known word (e.g., agreeable/disagreeable, comfortable/uncomfortable, care/careless, heat/preheat). c. Use a known root word as a clue to the meaning of an unknown word with the same root (e.g., company, companion).

Demonstrate understanding of word relationships and nuances in word meanings. a. Distinguish the literal and nonliteral meanings of words and phrases in context (e.g., take steps). b. Distinguish shades of meaning among related words (e.g., knew, believed, suspected, heard, wondered).

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 4 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies. a. Use context (e.g., definitions, examples, or restatements in text) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase, including words or phrases that allude to significant characters found in literature (e.g., Herculean effort). b. Use common, grade-appropriate Greek and Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., telegraph, photograph, autograph).

Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. a. Explain the meaning of similes and metaphors in context. b. Recognize and explain the meaning of common idioms, adages, and proverbs. c. Demonstrate understanding of words by relating them to their antonyms and synonyms.

Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 4 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies. a. Use context (e.g., definitions, examples, or restatements in text) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase. b. Use common, grade-appropriate Greek and Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., telegraph, photograph, autograph). c. Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words or phrases used in a text.

Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. a. Explain the meaning of similes and metaphors in context. b. Recognize and explain the meaning of common idioms, adages, and proverbs. c. Demonstrate understanding of words by relating them to their antonyms and synonyms.