Describe basic landforms.

Identify the layers of the earth.

Recognize that the surface of the earth changes due to slow processes and rapid processes.

Identify basic properties and uses of Earth’s materials including rocks, soils, water, and gases of the atmosphere.

Recognize Earth’s different water resources, including both fresh and saltwater.

Describe phase changes in the forms of water on Earth.

Describe basic weather elements.

Identify weather patterns over time.

Identify differences in the life cycles of plants and animals.

MODELS

Construct and interpret models and diagrams of various animal and plant life cycles.

• Distinguish between scientific fact and opinion.
• Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events.
• Understand that all scientific investigations involve asking and answering questions and comparing the answer with what is already known.
• Plan and conduct a simple investigation and understand that different questions require different kinds of investigations.
• Use simple equipment (tools and other technologies) to gather data and understand that this allows scientists to collect more information than relying only on their senses to gather information.
• Use data/evidence to construct explanations and understand that scientists develop explanations based on their evidence and compare them with their current scientific knowledge.
• Communicate procedures and explanations giving priority to evidence and understanding that scientists make their results public, describe their investigations so they can be reproduced, and review and ask questions about the work of other scientists.

MODELS/SCALE

Identify basic landforms using models and simple maps.

CONSTANCY/ CHANGE

Identify simple changes in the earth system as air, water, soil and rock interact.

SCALE

Explain how basic weather elements are measured.

• Distinguish between scientific fact and opinion.
• Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events.
• Understand that all scientific investigations involve asking and answering questions and comparing the answer with what is already known.
• Plan and conduct a simple investigation and understand that different questions require different kinds of investigations.
• Use simple equipment (tools and other technologies) to gather data and understand that this allows scientists to collect more information than relying only on their senses to gather information.
• Use data/evidence to construct explanations and understand that scientists develop explanations based on their evidence and compare them with their current scientific knowledge.
• Communicate procedures and explanations giving priority to evidence and understanding that scientists make their results public, describe their investigations so they can be reproduced, and review and ask questions about the work of other scientists.

Identify planets in our solar system and their basic characteristics.

Describe the earth’s place in the solar system that includes the sun (a star), planets, and many moons.

Recognize that the universe contains many billions of galaxies and that each galaxy contains many billions of stars.

SCALES

Know the basic characteristics and uses of telescopes.

PATTERNS/PHASES

Identify major lunar phases.

PATTERNS

Explain time (days, seasons) using solar system motions.

• Distinguish between scientific fact and opinion.
• Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events.
• Understand that all scientific investigations involve asking and answering questions and comparing the answer with what is already known.
• Plan and conduct a simple investigation and understand that different questions require different kinds of investigations.
• Use simple equipment (tools and other technologies) to gather data and understand that this allows scientists to collect more information than relying only on their senses to gather information.
• Use data/evidence to construct explanations and understand that scientists develop explanations based on their evidence and compare them with their current scientific knowledge.
• Communicate procedures and explanations giving priority to evidence and understanding that scientists make their results public, describe their investigations so they can be reproduced, and review and ask questions about the work of other scientists.

Understand that there is no perfect design.

Describe the engineering design process:

Define a problem. Generate ideas. Select a solution and test it. Make the item. Evaluate the item. Communicate the solution with others. Present the results

Processes, Procedures, and Tools of Scientific Investigations

Weather, Climate, and Atmospheric Processes